Table of Content

26 July 2022, Volume 41 Issue 4

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China's Innovation Development Strategy and Upgrading: Adhering to the Path of Independence and Innovation with Chinese Characteristics

WANG Jinming

2022, 41(4):  1-9. 

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One ofthe significant historical experiences gained by the CPC in its 100-year struggle is to persist in the Innovation-driven Development Strategy (IDS), take self-reliance of science and technology as the strategic support for development and accelerate the construction of an innovative country and a formidable scientific and technological country in the world. This paper summarizes the characteristics of China's innovative development pathwhich combines basic national conditions and global changes from the dimensions of innovation policy system, concept and GVCs based on theory and reality. Considering the 4th Science and TechnologyRevolution and the global changes, Chinamustpersistin the IDS and update it into a IDS 2.0 version. This paper also analyses the new challenges facing China's and puts forward some directionsfor it.

Maintaining a Global Vision and Building an Open Economic System: China’s Impetus to Globalization and World Trade Development

SI Jianhua

2022, 41(4):  10-16. 

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One of the most important historical experiences of the Communist Party of China in the past century is to maintain a global vision. Black Swan events such as the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020 have accelerated the evolution of the global economic landscape since the financial crisis in 2008 and hence, make the world undergoing the profound changes unseen in a century.Based on the experience of the Communist Party of China in foreign trade and economic exchanges in the past 100 years, this paper focuses on the external situation and challenges facing China in the post-epidemic era, especially the evolution trend of the world political and economic pattern. Accordingly, this paper proposes several policy options in the end.

Adherence to the Path and Model of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: China's Experience and Contribution

GAO Hanzhi

2022, 41(4):  17-23. 

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China has developed a distinct culture that advocates harmonybased on “Tianxia” doctrine and people-oriented concept during the process of civilization and social evolution in the history. After the establishment of the People's Republic China, especially after the opening of the road to socialism with Chinese characteristics, the CPC has realizedthe integration of China's excellent traditional culture and Marxismbased on actual conditions of China. The CPC hasalso insisted on people's dominant status and its own independent model of reform whilesimultaneouslypromoting common prosperity and enhancing whole-process democracy nationwide. China and its impressive development have realized a giant historical leapin the changing international environment, which provides a new path and option for countries in the world who want to pursue a sustainable development while preserving theirindependence; and it offers China's experience andChina's wisdom to mankind solving challenges of this time.

Communist Party of China at the Forefront of the Times Forged in the Party's Century-long Struggle

LIN Hu, JIN Mingzhu

2022, 41(4):  24-29. 

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The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experiences of the Party's Hundred Years of Struggle adopted at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committeepointed out and explained that the great historical significance of "the Party's hundred years of struggle have forged the Chinese Communist Party at the forefront of the times". We must deeply understand and grasp the historical significance of the Party's century-long struggle in the study, research and implement of the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee. Over the past hundred years, the Party has always adhered to the nature of purpose, ideals and beliefs, adhered to the original mission, courageous self-revolution, grasp the historical trend, and refined the spiritual genealogy with the great founding spirit as the source. The century-long struggle fully proves that the Communist Party of China forged by a century of struggle, will always be at the forefront of the times.

Tao of Heaven and Tao of Earth : Seeking the Source of Tao's Governance in Guanzi

GONG Weijun

2022, 41(4):  30-39. 

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Guanzi is the holy text in pre-Qin period in China which contains a series of ideas for the powerful State of Qi put forward by Guan Zhong, including safeguarding a country, managing civilian affairs, holding sacrificial rituals and enlightening people, making financial plannings, and allocating resources. Among those ideas, the governance of mythical thinking, which upholds the ideas of Tao of heaven and Tao of earth, is the key term of maintaining the operation of social policies properly in State of Qi. The core idea which runs through Guanzi is the origin of the universe Tao. The article is based on archaeology and new myth history perspective of literary anthropology, refers to multiple evidences which can verify each other, including traditional classic documents, unearthed documents, archaeological artifacts and images, finds the causes from cosmogenesis level of Tao. Meanwhile, the article reveals that one of the valued mythological archetype is Tao of heaven which represented by sun, alludes Tao of earth which is the original adoration of Mother Earth. Hence, it forms the political myth which based on the universe Tao.

Cognitive Mythology:The Scientific Pattern of Myths in Contemporary

WANG Qian

2022, 41(4):  40-44. 

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Cognitive mythology is a new approach that explores human cognitive ability from the perspective of myth, with the aim to refute the practice of opposing on myth and science in the 19th century. The premise of the cognitive mythology is that myth is the product of thinking and consciousness so that it has the research value of cognitive science. Many schools of cognitive mythology tendto explore thethought and the structure of myths, the social order of myths, and the symbolic system of power. Whatthey try to prove is that myth is the product of reason and logos whichmakes it prove to bethe human experience and perception of the world, then myth simply must be compatible withscience. The frequent interaction between cognitive mythology and cognitive archaeology caused the convergent opinions of topic on origins of civilization, which also made cognitive mythology turn tothe empirical research of science in the second half of the 20th century.

Mythical Cognition from Perspective of Literary Anthropology:Nishan Shaman and Its Mythistory

JIN Lijiang

2022, 41(4):  45-52. 

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Myths can serve as material for historiography. Myths can shape people’s perceptions of history.Historical narratives written with mythological material are called mythistory.The mythistory embodies the cultural cognition of ‘self’ and ‘other’.Nishan Shaman is a mythistorical narrative of the Manchus, which reflects the decline of the shaman's historical status.For modern society, Nishan Shaman belongs to mythistoric cognition.

The Application of Bottom Line Ethics in Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities

WANG Tao

2022, 41(4):  53-58. 

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Bottom line ethics is the basic morality that people should abide by in daily life and the specific code of conduct to maintain social harmony and stability. It is a kind of ideological and moral education with the combination of universality and particularity. In order to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, it is necessary to advocate and practice bottom line ethics as the basic premise and guarantee. Although the effectiveness of ideological and political education in colleges and universities can be improved by various resources and means, the bottom line ethics is an important aspect. As the cornerstone of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, bottom-line ethics shows its unique advantages and charm in terms of content characteristics, value of The Times, educational progress, social influence and national development. It can be said that it is an important resource for us to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.

Study of Classroom Questioning Strategies in Primary Grammar Teaching of Chinese as a Foreign Language: A Case Study of Primary Grammar Class

PU Xianyan

2022, 41(4):  59-64. 

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Classroom questioning, the bridge for the interaction between teachers and students and an important means to test the effect of teachers' classroom teaching, is an important part of classroom teaching activities. Teachers' classroom questioning was observed and counted from four perspectives--the types of teachers' questioning, the distribution of questions, the waiting time of teachers, and teachers' feedback to analyze their experience and existing problems in classroom questioning by observing a demonstration video class of grammar teaching in order to make a preliminary discussion on the classroom questioning strategies in primary grammar teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.

Effect Evaluation and Application of Blend Teaching with Intelligent Teaching Tools

SUN Qian

2022, 41(4):  65-72. 

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Intelligent teachingtoolsrefer to teacher-student interaction tools which can be used in real-time interaction and record data of all the students. Rain Classroom is elected as a representativeintelligent teaching toolsbecause Rain classroom is free and easy-to-use, which can providedata support for college teachers. Nowadays, college students’ smart phone addiction has become a reality and it is unrealistic to ban students from using them but to make smart phones as learning tools. The result shows that Rain Classroom performed well in all indicators of improving teaching effectiveness, especially in stopping skipping and invisible skipping. It is worth actively promoting Rain Classrooms to assist college teaching. Suggestionsof Rain Classroom usage in different teaching scenarios and different levels are offered as well.

Integrating Engineering Ethics into Courses of Engineering under the Background of Ideological and Political Education

ZHANG Ji, ZHANG Gongrong

2022, 41(4):  73-77. 

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Engineering ethics education is an important part of ideological and political construction under the background of new engineering disciplines, and it is still in its infancy in our country. In June 2020,Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of Chinastated that for engineering professional coursesit is necessary to strengthen the engineering ethics education. Aiming at the cultivation ofcollege students in the field of engineering management and engineering cost, this paper analyzesthe problems existing in the current engineering ethics course, and discusses the teaching methods, teachingcases, course contents, and assessment methods in order to provide reference for the construction of engineeringethics course for college students in the field of engineering management and engineering cost.

Innovation and Practice of Applied Undergraduate Talents Training Model under the Background of Industry-education Integration—A Case Study of Qujing Normal University

WANG Xingchong

2022, 41(4):  78-83. 

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In recent years, the collaborative education mode of industry-education integration has become the focus of the transformation and development of application-oriented universities. The talent training of application-oriented colleges and universities is faced with the following problems: the talent training system is not applicable, the school enterprise cooperation has not found the appropriate cooperation mode, and the students are lack of the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship and practice, which lead to the talent training of colleges and universities can not fully meet the recruitment needs of enterprises. Based on this, this paper puts forward the innovation mechanism of "five combination integration" of industry-education integration, and takes three application-oriented undergraduate majors in School of Applied Technologies of Qujing Normal University as the research object to innovate their professional curriculum system, teaching staff, teaching resources and school enterprise cooperation mode, aiming to provide reference for the innovation of talent training mode of application-oriented undergraduate majors under the background of industry and education integration.

The Belief and Changes of the Naxi People in Lijiang in Qing Dynasty from“Lijiang Bamboo Branch Poem”

YANG Rui

2022, 41(4):  84-89. 

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Academic circles have studied Naxi beliefs that focus on synchronicity, while ignoring the diachronic changes in beliefs and customs, and in the use of data, focus on official documents and ignore folk literature. "Lijiang Bamboo Branch Words" is a bamboo branch word inscribed by Yang Pinshuo, a poet of the Naxi ethnic group in Lijiang, Guangxu, who has personally heard and seen it. Singing the economic life of the Naxi people in Lijiang in the Qing Dynasty, festivals, ethnic beliefs and entertainment life in lijiang, it is an important folk historical material for studying the social life of the Naxi people in Lijiang in the Qing Dynasty. The academic community has not yet made use of the naxi belief and custom records reflected in the bamboo branch words, so from the perspective of history, with the "Lijiang Bamboo Branch Words" as the research text, referring to the relevant local history, ethnography and related academic research results, and using poetry to prove the history, we strive to discuss the beliefs and changes of the Naxi people in Lijiang in the Qing Dynasty.

The National Differences of Multiculturalism in Dealing with Multi-ethnic Issue

NONG Yuqing

2022, 41(4):  90-97. 

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Multiculturalism is a way for multi-ethnic countries to deal with cultural diversity, respects ethnic identity and construct ethnic national identity. Different countries have different inclinations between difference and unity and choose different paths of multiculturalism. The assimilation power of the United States is strong. Ethnic culture is more of an individual choice, close to soft multiculturalism. Canada is the first country to implement multiculturalism. It respects cultural differences, attaches importance to the protection of ethnic minorities, and close to hard multiculturalism. Australia regards cultural rights as a part of civil rights, reconciling particularity and universality, close to liberal multiculturalism. Based on national conditions and ethnic characteristics, different countries apply multiculturalism flexibly, forming the unique modes to deal with ethnic cultures.

On ethnographic Text and Discourse Power

HAN Tian, YAN Lijuan

2022, 41(4):  98-105. 

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Ethnography, as a qualitative study or text, has a variety of theoretical paradigms or text types in the development of anthropology. At present, the commonly used types in academic circles are classified from the perspective of disciplinary development: amateur ethnography scientific ethnography and experimental ethnography. It can be found in the ethnographic paradigm of these different stages, there is a transformation phenomenon of the subject-object relationship of discourse power between ethnographers and their subjects, the discourse power of subject-object relationship is presented differently in ethnographic texts at different stages.Therefore, this paper intends to discuss ethnographic texts in different stages from the perspective of discourse power, and try to sort out the development context of discourse power in the development process of ethnographic texts, in order to provide a new research perspective for ethnographic texts.

Compilation and Revision of The Regulations of The Ministry of Finance Formulated by Emperor in Qing Dynasty

LIANG Xiaoqiang

2022, 41(4):  106-112. 

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In the Qing Dynasty, Ze Regulationg was a political document and a system of laws and regulations fro the departments of the central government. The Regulations of The Ministry of Finance Formulated by Emperor in was the work regulations of the Ministry of Finance, which is the basic rules of the Qing Dynasty's economy, financial revenue and expenditure, taxation, rations and rates, and a must-read book for the study of the social and economic history and financial history of the Qing Dynasty. In the Qing dynasty, a total of 15 "Rules of the Emperor's Ministry of Finance" were compiled, and the number of revisions was the highest among the six imperial regulations but three of them were lost. Due to the reform of the editing system in Daoguang period, The Regulations of The Ministry of Finance Formulated by Emperor in Qianjia period and later periods differed greatly from other versions in form and contents.

Difficulties in Constructing the Sichuan-Yunnan Railway: An Investigation Based on Funds and Labor

XING Lei

2022, 41(4):  113-123. 

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The Sichuan-Yunnan Railway spans Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan, with a total length of about 865 kilometers, and the construction of the railway started in 1938, and stopped after the demolition of old tracks from Kunming to Zhanyi in 1944. The railway, which shoulders the high expectations of the Nationalist Government, is an important way to break the Blockade of the Japanese Army, connects Vietnam and Burma, and transports materials to support the front line of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the construction of the rear. Therefore, great efforts have been made to ensure the smooth completion of the railway, especially the collection of railway construction funds and the requisition of road construction labor, which are two aspects that are deeply related to the fate of railway construction. However, the construction of the Sichuan-Yunnan Railway was still due to the deterioration of the war situation, the collapse of the domestic economy and other factors, which led to the rupture of funds, the labor force fell into the construction dilemma, and finally stopped work, and only less than 20% of the line construction was completed, which became a symptom of the construction of state-owned undertakings that abruptly stopped during the War of Resistance.