Abstract: In Yuan Dynasty, the idea of “excluding the ethnic groups from China” was deleted and a government in Yunnan under the central government was established to carry out the same policy as that in the inner part of China. The policy of the central government of Yuan Dynasty was to defend the frontier areas. The territory policy was based on defense and preparation and the governmental and local governments were established. In Qing Dynasty, there was less discrimination over ethnic groups and the executive policy was to defense the inner part and govern the frontier areas. The Ministry of Minority Affairs was established as the highest government for governing ethnic groups. The policies for governing Yunnan in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties evolved and there were distinctions in carrying out the policies. The central government of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties developed courier routes and education in Yunnan, which promoted the exchange of economy and cultures between the inner China and the frontier areas and advanced the society.

Key words: Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, central government, Yunnan, governing