Application of Low Temperature Pyrolysis Rice Straw Biochar in Pb/Cd Absorption from Water

Abstract

Abstract: Rice straw biochar (RS) was prepared by thermal cracking of crushed rice straw (RY) 400℃ for 30min under oxygen restriction in order to find a rich, inexpensive and cost-effective biochar to control Pb/Cd pollution in water. The RS characteristics and the absorption behavior of RS to Pb^{2 +} /Cd^{2 +} in solution were investigated. The results showed that RS was full of abundant functional groups and obvious pore structures on its surface. The best condition for RS absorption of Pb²⁺ was as follows: the temperature was 25℃; pH was between 6.0 and 8.0; and solid-liquid ratio was 1.0g·L^-1. Meanwhile, the optimum condition for biochar absorption of Cd²⁺ was as follows: the temperature was at 25℃; pH was near 7.0; and solid-liquid ratio was 10.0g·L^-1. The analysis of absorption kinetics showed that the adsorption rate of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ by RS was much higher than that of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ by RY. The absorption rate of Pb²⁺ by RS reached a basic equilibrium at 35min, and the absorption rate of Cd²⁺ by RS reached an equilibrium at 40min, which indicated that the isothermal absorption of Pb²⁺ by RS is more consistent with Freundlich isothermal absorption model being mainly multi-layer adsorption. The isothermal absorption process of Cd²⁺ in solution by biochar is more consistent with Langmuir isothermal adsorption model, which is mainly monolayer absorption. The study shows that it is feasible to to prepare biochar from cheap and abundant rice straw materials at low temperature to control Pb/Cd pollution in water, which could provide an economical and effective method for heavy metal environmental pollution control.

Key words: rice straw biochar, low temperature pyrolysis, Pb absorption, Cd absorption

CLC Number:

O69
X712

YANG Haizheng, YUAN Zongqi, XU Xiaolin, WANG Jianling. Application of Low Temperature Pyrolysis Rice Straw Biochar in Pb/Cd Absorption from Water[J]. Journal of Qujing Normal University, 2024, 43(3): 13-23.

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