Abstract: As one of the most representative indigenous concepts in ancient Chinese historical philosophy and politics, the concept of "Great Unity" played a fundamental role in the formation of ancient China and the Chinese nation.The evolution history of the concept of "Great Unity" in ancient China included three periods:"formation period", "change period", and "maturity period".In ancient China, the concept of "Great Unity" was closely related to such concepts and systems as "orthodoxy", "Taoism", "Huayi" and "tributary system", and through them, it displayed its rich and colorful connotation, which ultimately played a direct role in the formation of China, the Chinese nation and the Chinese civilization model.At present, the concept of "great unity" plays a culturally important role in how to enhance the awareness of the Chinese national community.

Key words: great unity system, orthodoxy, Chinese nation