Abstract: The development and change process of Chinese population and family planning policy since the founding of New China for more than 70 years are analyzed in detail.The results show that Chinese population and family planning policy has distinct characteristics of the times, and the population policy keeps pace with the times.Generally speaking, Chinese population birth policy can be divided into six stages:brewing and exploring, starting in an all-round way, strengthening management, stabilizing level, making overall plans and perfecting, and supporting and optimizing.The birth policies in different stages have strong convergence.The population and family planning policy has played an important role in controlling Chinese population growth and promoting population transformation.In the new era, the population problem has become more complicated, the population policy has been further adjusted and optimized, and the social and economic policies related to fertility have been gradually improved and matched, which is of great significance for promoting the long-term balanced development of Chinese population.

Key words: Chinese population, family planning policy, policy adjustment