Abstract: The research selected the population data of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province in 2015.Through the perspectives of population, density, proximity, and wideness, spatial autocorrelation and spatial trend analysis are used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of the basin population. Conclusion: (1) There are many people in the southwestern part of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province. The northeast population has a large proximity and wideness, and the population density of the city area is relatively large; (2) The population and density spatial agglomeration of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province is not obvious (the global Moran index is less than 0.300). The population proximity and wide narrowness agglomeration are slightly higher (global Moran index 0.400-0.600); (3) During the population space distribution of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province, the population is decreasing from the southwest to the northeast, the population density is decreasing from the central to the northeast and the southwest, and the population proximity and wideness are decreasing from the northeast to the southwest; (4) The geographical center of population of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province has shifted, the geographic center of population and density is offset from the southwest, the geographic center of population proximity and wideness is offset to the east, and the geographical density of population density is large. (5) The high-density concentrated distribution area of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province is mainly in the central part, and the population wideness has the largest area and is biased to the northeast. To this end,three counter-measures should be taken:first,Improve economic agglomeration and attract population spatial agglomeration.Second,Optimize the economic and ecological development mode according to people's conditions.third,Active population regulation and control to promote population redistribution.

Key words: population, spatial distribution, Wujiang River Basin, Guizhou Province