关键词: 马克思, 费尔巴哈, 人本主义, 人的本质

Abstract: As a young Hegelian, Feuerbach considered the natural attributes of human beings and recognized that religion is about human beings. Thus, he transcended idealism and moved towards materialism. However, Feuerbach's humanism is a naive materialism, and his critique of religion is not thorough enough. He also lacks an examination of the social and practical essence of human nature. Marx realized that the essence of human beings is the sum of all social relations moving from an abstract philosophical man to a concrete real man. Man exists in certain social relations, and his practical activities have significant implications for social development. Thus, a scientific understanding of human nature is achieved. By analyzing Marx's concept of human nature and its critique and transcendence of Feuerbach's humanism, we can better understand and clarify Marx's theory of human nature and pay more attention to human beings themselves.

Key words: Marx, Feuerbach, humanism, human essence