Abstract: From the perspective of medical anthropology, this paper explains the origin and evolution of Dai peacock dance by using relevant theories, and puts forward some suggestions on the development of Dai peacock dance in Yunnan. The conclusion is that the Dai Peacock Dance originates from the Dai people's adaptation to the environment and cultural design, and evolves from totem worship to health and fitness, psychological edification to national self-confidence, self-entertainment to healthy ecological cultural system construction. The development of the Dai peacock dance in Yunnan should be adapted to the current environment, and the development trend of the Dai peacock dance should be grasped to guide its development.

Key words: medical anthropology, minority sports, Dai peacock dance, historical evolution