关键词: 怒族, 改土归流, 纳贡, 中央王朝, 国家认同

Abstract: After the bureaucratization of native officers of Lijiang and Weixi in northwest Yunnan in the early Qing Dynasty, the direct rule of the Central Dynasty extended to the Lancang River Basin, which in turn, affected the Nu River basin in the more western corner, especially the establishment of the government in the Weixi region. The bureaucratization directly reduced the geographical distance between Nu people and the central Dynasty, and ultimately promoted the establishment of political affiliation between Nu people and the central Dynasty. After being subjected to the central government, Nu people began to formally enter the vision of the central Dynasty. With the intervention and role of state power, their original undeveloped political and social and economic situation was also significantly improved, and the national identity was also greatly improved.

Key words: Nu people, bureaucratization of native officers, paying tribute, central Dynasty, national identity